This book presents an analysis of contemporary society based on the experimental and interpretative models produced by the experimental analysis of behavior, in order to think about the ways in which current social contingencies can affect the life of individuals making them more depressive. It addresses the phenomenon of depression in a broad way. From its conception as a scientific concept to sociological explanations to explain its emergence, the book presents in a very well founded way the necessary knowledge to clarify, understand, and seek treatment and prevention for this major social evil. The authors begin with a description of the current diagnostic parameters of major depressive disorder followed by alarming global epidemiological data showing that depression has affected all races, social classes, genders and creeds. They then address the topic departing from an approach based on the experimental analysis of behavior, but also in dialogue with other philosophical and conceptual traditions, to show how current social relationships contribute to the development of major depressive disorder. Depression as a Cultural Phenomenon in Postmodern Society will be a valuable tool for health professionals looking for a wider approach to depression prevention and treatment. An approach that looks not only to the isolated individual, but takes into account the whole social context that contributes to cause or to prevent major depressive disorder. .