Chapter 1 -- Neuronal foundations of human numerical representations / E. Eger -- Chapter 2 -- What counts in estimation? The nature of the preverbal system / V. Karolis, B. Butterworth -- Chapter 3 -- Core mathematical abilities in infants: Number and much more / M.D. de Hevia -- Chapter 4 -- Cognitive and brain systems underlying early mathematical development / D.C. Geary, A.M. Moore -- Chapter 5 -- Individual differences in children's mathematics achievement: The roles of symbolic numerical magnitude processing and domain-general cognitive functions / K. Vanbinst, B. De Smedt -- Chapter 6 -- Similarity interference in learning and retrieving arithmetic facts / A. De Visscher, M.-P. Noël -- Chapter 7 -- Memory and cognitive control circuits in mathematical cognition and learning / V. Menon -- Chapter 8 -- On the ordinality of numbers: A review of neural and behavioral studies / I.M. Lyons, S.E. Vogel, D. Ansari -- Chapter 9 -- On the instability and constraints of the interaction between number representation and spatial attention in healthy humans: A concise review of the literature and new experimental evidence / E. Fattorini, M. Pinto, S. Merola, M.D nofrio, F. Doricchi -- Chapter 10 -- Age-related changes in strategic variations during arithmetic problem solving: The role of executive control / T. Hinault, P. Lemaire -- Chapter 11 -- Subtypes and comorbidity in mathematical learning disabilities: Multidimensional study of verbal and visual memory processes is key to understanding / D. Szűcs -- Chapter 12 -- Neurocognitive accounts of developmental dyscalculia and its remediation / T. Iuculano -- Chapter 13 -- Approximate numerical abilities and mathematics: Insight from correlational and experimental training studies / D.C. Hyde, I. Berteletti, Y. Mou -- Chapter 14 -- Brain stimulation, mathematical, and numerical training: Contribution of core and noncore skills / C.Y. Looi, R. Cohen Kadosh -- Index.