This book represents part of the result of a project undertaken by the C- ter for Sustainable Urban Regeneration (cSUR). The center was est- lished in 2003 by a research fund titled the 21st Century Center of Exc- lence (COE) Program provided by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan. The project leader was Shi- chiro Ohgaki, a professor in the Department of Urban Engineering of the University of Tokyo. cSUR integrates the four specific fields of urban planning, architecture, civil engineering, and environmental engineering with the participation of over a hundred researchers of the university. The objective of the center is to create an integrated approach to, and knowledge for, sustainable urban regeneration based on a global network of researchers and professionals; and to coordinate an international research alliance that consists of leading academic institutions worldwide. The project was carried out by four research units: A. Environment Management B. Urban Stock Management C. Social Information Management D. Action Studies Each unit consisted of smaller subunits. The third unit, which includes the contributors to this book, consisted of three smaller groups: C-1) The Next Generation Geographic Information System Integrating Human and Social Information C-2) Decoding and Analysis of Historical and Cultural Information Concerning Urban Space C-3) Participatory Planning and Urban Space Management Support Systems.