1 ENERGY PRICING POLICY FRAMEWORK AND EXPERIENCE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES -- Pricing policy and integrated national energy planning (INEP) -- Scope and objectives of pricing policy -- Adjustments to efficient prices to meet other objectives -- Recent experience in Asia and the Pacific -- Energy conservation and pricing -- Case Study: Co-ordinated use of pricing and related tools for energy conservation -- Figures -- Tables -- References -- 2 SOCIO-ECONOMIC GOALS IN ENERGY PRICING POLICY: A FRAMEWORK FOR ANALYSIS -- Energy and the economy -- Cost of energy -- Pricing and equity -- Employment -- Growth and other goals -- Energy pricing in rural areas -- Limitations of energy pricing -- Concluding comments -- Figure -- Notes -- References -- 3 EFFICIENCY AND EQUITY CRITERIA IN ENERGY PRICING WITH PRACTICAL APPLICATION TO LDCs IN ASIA -- Producer and consumer prices of energy -- Setting the producer price of energy -- The difficulty of separating producer and consumer prices -- Equity and efficiency conflicts in electricity pricing -- Conclusions -- Tables -- ANNEX 3.1 ESTIMATING THE IMPACT OF FUEL PRICE CHANGES IN THAILAND -- 4 OPERATIONALIZING EFFICIENCY CRITERIA IN ENERGY PRICING POLICY -- Pricing, a tool of demand management -- Basic pricing objectives -- Short-run versus long-run marginal cost pricing -- Efficiency pricing with declining long-run marginal costs -- The economics of discriminatory pricing -- Promotional pricing -- Estimating depletion costs -- The economic value of domestic petroleum resources -- The economic value of imported petroleum fuels -- The economic opportunity cost of funds: a digression -- Reconciling economic and financial costs -- Dealing with inflation and relative price changes -- Figures -- Tables -- ANNEX 4.1 THE ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY COSTS OF DOMESTIC CRUDE CONSUMPTION FOR AN OIL EXPORTING COUNTRY SUBJECT TO EXPORT QUOTAS -- ANNEX 4.2 THE ECONOMIC COSTS OF UNRELIABLE POWER SUPPLIES -- 5 ENERGY PRICING IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: ROLE OF PRICES IN INVESTMENT ALLOCATION AND CONSUMER CHOICES -- Components of an integrated framework for energy pricing -- Product prices, output and investment -- Role of energy prices in consumer choices -- Energy prices and considerations of equity and efficiency -- Reconciling objectives of equity and efficiency -- Summary and conclusions -- Figure -- Tables -- Notes -- References -- 6 SHADOW-PRICING INDIGENOUS ENERGY: ITS COMPLEXITY AND IMPLICATIONS -- Opportunity cost, shadow prices, and the theory of resources -- Should fossil fuel resources be shadow-priced and pegged? -- Summary -- Figure -- Tables -- Notes -- References -- APPENDIXES -- APPENDIX I FINAL REPORT OF THE WORKSHOP -- I. Organization of the Meeting -- II. Proceedings -- APPENDIX II ANALYSIS OF THE ENERGY PRICE PROBLEM IN CHINA Huang Zhi-jie -- APPENDIX III ENERGY PRICING IN NEPAL S. N. Sharma -- LIST OF PARTICIPANTS -- ABOUT THE AUTHORS.