1. Introduction to Environmental Systems Engineering -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Systems Engineering -- 1.3 Mathematical Models -- 1.4 The Systems Engineering Problem -- 1.5 Systems Engineering Problems -- 1.6 The Model Building Process -- 1.7 Simulation Modeling -- 1.8 Optimization Modeling -- References -- Problems -- 2. An Introduction to Optimization Theory -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Classification of Optimization Models -- 2.3 Geometry of the Mathematical Optimization Problem -- 2.4 Nonlinear Optimization and Types of Maxima -- 2.5 Convex Sets and Functions -- 2.6 Weierstrass Theorems -- 2.7 The Local-Global Theorem -- 2.8 The Kuhn-Tucker Conditions -- 2.9 The Kuhn-Tucker Theorem -- 2.10 Interpretation of the Lagrange Multipliers -- 2.11 The Saddle Point Problem -- 2.12 Maximin Dual Problem -- References -- Problems -- 3. Microeconomics: Theory of Production -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 The Competitive Economy -- 3.3 The Production Function -- 3.4 Theory of the Firm -- 3.5 Maximum Output Model -- 3.6 Production Optimization -- 3.7 Comparative Statics of the Firm -- 3.8 Public Project Evaluation -- 3.9 Case Study 1- Agricultural Benefits -- References -- Problems -- 4. Microeconomics: Theory of the Household -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Commodity Space and Preference Relations -- 4.3 Theory of the Household -- 4.4 Comparative Statics -- 4.5 General Equilibrium -- 4.6 Market Equilibrium -- References -- Problems -- 5. Engineering Economics -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 The Time Value of Money -- 5.3 Engineering Economic Formulas -- 5.4 Evaluation of Alternatives -- 5.5 Present Worth Method -- 5.6 Annual Worth Method -- 5.7 Benefit Cost Ratio -- 5.8 Internal Rate of Return -- 5.9 Depreciation and Income Tax Analysis -- 5.10 Inflation -- References -- Problems -- 6. Linear Programming -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Optimality of Linear Programming Problems -- 6.3 Standard Form -- 6.4 Basic and Basic Feasible Solutions -- 6.5 The Simplex Algorithm -- 6.6 The Simplex Tableau -- 6.7 The Two-Phase Method -- 6.8 General Summary of the Simplex Algorithm -- 6.9 Duality -- 6.10 Matrix Representation of the Simplex Method -- 6.11 Economic Interpretation of the Dual Problem -- 6.12 The Revised Simplex Method -- 6.13 Sensitivity Analysis -- 6.14 Large-Scale Linear Programming Models -- 6.15 Case Study 1 Groundwater Planning -- References -- Problems -- 7. Nonlinear Programming -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Unconstrained Optimization Methods -- 7.3 Gradient-Based Methods -- 7.4 Constrained Optimization Methods -- 7.5 Case Study 1 North China Plain Water Management -- 7.6 Dynamic Programming -- 7.7 Case Study 2 Water Quality Management -- 7.8 linked Simulation-Optimization Methodology -- 7.9 Case Study 3 Management of Saltwater Intrusion -- 7.10 Case Study 4 Groundwater Remediation -- 7.11 Multiobjective Optimization -- 7.12 Case Study 5 Equity in Water Quality Management -- References -- Problems -- Appendix A. Review of Mathematics -- A.1 Introduction -- A.2 Analysis -- A.3 Vectors and Matrices -- A.4 Matrix Operations -- A.5 Determinants and the Matrix Inverse -- A.6 Quadratic Forms -- A.7 Scalar, Vector, and Matrix Derivatives -- A.8 Directional Derivative -- A.9 Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors -- A.10 Implicit Function Theorem -- A.ll Taylor Series -- A.12 Leibnitz's Rule -- References -- Appendix B. Classical Optimization -- B.1 Introduction -- B.2 The Unconstrained Optimization Problem -- B.3 The Lagrange Multiplier Method -- B.4 The Lagrange Multiplier -- References.