Section 1: General -- Redefining the mesentery as an organ -- Embryology of the mesentery -- General anatomy of the mesentery -- Section II: Anatomy and Physiology -- Vascular Anatomy of the Mesentery -- Introduction to the Physiology of the Mesentery -- Emergence of the human gut microbiota as an influencer in health and disease -- Cellular Anatomy of the Mesentery -- Section III: Diagnostic Procedures -- Radiography of the Mesentery -- Mesenteric biopsy -- Diagnosing mesenteric diseases: Laparoscopy -- Immunologic Function of the MesenteryNeurophysiologic Function of the Mesentery -- Physiology of the Mesenteric Circulation -- Section IV: Role of Mesentery in Systemic Medical Diseases -- The Role of the Mesentery in Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes Mellitus -- Crohn's Disease and the Mesentery -- The Role of the Mesentery in Pancreatic diseases -- IgG4-Related Diseases and the Mesentery -- Role of the Mesentery in Systemic Inflammation Response Syndrome (SIRS) and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS) -- Section V: Medical Disorders of the Mesentery -- Mesenteric Hemorrhage -- Mesenteric Panniculitis -- PPP Syndrome: Pancreatitis, Panniculitis, Polyarthritis -- Mesenteric Adenitis -- Mesenteric Abscess -- Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis -- Mesenteric Arterial Occlusion -- Ischemic Enteropathy (also called Mesenteric Ischemia) -- Colonic Ischemia (also known as Ischemic Colitis) -- Mesenteric Lymphangioma -- Radiation-Induced Mesenteric Injury -- Drug Induced Mesenteric and Retroperitoneal Diseases -- Section VI: Neoplasms of the Mesentery -- Primary Solid Neoplasms -- Metastatic Diseases of the Mesentery -- Mesenteric Lymphoma -- Castleman Disease with Mesenteric Involvement -- Section VII: Surgical Diseases of the Mesentery -- Mesenteric Resection in Upper Abdominal Surgery -- Mesenteric Considerations in Surgery of the Colon and Rectum -- Mesocolic Resection in Colon Cancer -- Mesenteric Resection in Rectal Cancer -- Mesenteric Resection in Crohn's disease -- Mesenteric resection in Crohn's disease -- Section VIII: Surgery for Individual Conditions -- Surgical Management of Intestinal Volvulus -- Embryologic Abnormalities of the Mesentery -- Mesenteric Hernia -- Surgical Management of Bands and Adhesions -- Mesenteric Trauma -- Mesenteric Cysts -- Mesenteric Abscess -- Mesenteric Neoplasms -- Mesenteric Artery Thrombosis and Embolism -- Section IX: Future -- Future Research on the Role of the Mesentery in Health and Disease.