1 Language and Communication-II : The View from '74 -- On Language -- Aspects of Language -- References -- 2 Visual Behavior as an Aspect of Power Role Relationships -- Empirical Studies -- Discussion -- References -- 3 Direct Gaze as a Social Stimulus: The Example of Aggression -- Visual Behavior and Social Interaction -- The Complexities of the "Appeasement" Gesture -- Discussion and Speculations -- Summary -- References -- 4 Patterns of Emotions and Emotion Communication in "Hostility" and Aggression -- Affect, Communication, and Consciousness -- Patterns of Affects in Anger, Disgust, Contempt, and Hostility -- Intraindividual Emotion Communication in Hostility -- Emotion Expression, Interindividual Emotion Communication, and Aggression -- Summary -- References -- 5 Communication and Aggression in a Group of Young Chimpanzees -- Coordination as a Directly Observable Phenomenon -- Communication about Objects -- The "Group Split Threshold" -- The Unique Role of Food in Controlling Dispersion -- Communication about Objects and Its Effect on Group Splitting -- Amount and Distribution of Food as Determiners of Dispersion -- Relations among Subgroups within a Group -- Conclusions -- References -- 6 Nonverbal Expressions of Aggression and Submission in Social Groups of Primates -- References -- 7 Nonverbal Communication: The Effect of Affect on Individual and Group Behavior -- The Problem: What Does an Animal Communicate and How Can We Know? -- The Model: Social Behavior of Wolves -- The Role of Early Experience in Determining Later Behavior -- Behavioral Taxonomy: Communication -- Social Behavior and Breeding Structure -- References -- 8 Animal's Defenses: Fighting in Predator-Prey Relations -- The Framework of the Analysis -- Relations between Predator Defense and Aggression -- References.