This is the second volume of the proceedings of the IEA Congress in Athens. Part 1 on macroeconomics considers aspects of unemployment, both generally in a Keynesian framework and in more detail, while Part 2 discusses international aspects of macroeconomic fluctuations and macroeconomic equilibrium associated with the development of the European Community. Part 3 on econometrics deals particularly with the use of survey data and microeconomic theory to analyse decisions important to the understanding of macroeconomic fluctuations and expectation formation.