1. In the beginning: the historical and conceptual genesis of the gradual release of responsibility / P. David Pearson, Mary B. McVee, Lynn E. Shanahan -- 2. We must know what they know (and so do they) for children to sustain learning and independence / Janet S. Gaffney, Rebecca Jesson -- 3. Releasing responsibility for what? developing learning environments for text-based inquiry in the disciplines in secondary schools / Cynthia Greenleaf, Mira-Lisa Katz -- 4. The ebb and flow of scaffolding: thinking flexibly about the gradual release of responsibility during explicit strategy instruction / Lynn E. Shanahan, Andrea L. Tochelli-Ward, Tyler W. Rinker -- 5. Sustainable school improvement: the gradual release of responsibility in school change / Kathryn H. Au, Taffy E. Raphael -- 6. Leading learning through a gradual release of responsibility instructional framework / Kimberly Elliot, Nancy Frey, Douglas Fisher -- 7. Gradually releasing responsibility in justice-centered teaching: educators reflecting on a social justice literacy workshop on police brutality / Tiffany M. Nyachae, Mary B. McVee, Fenice B. Boyd -- 8. Gradual release in the early literacy classroom: taking languaging into account with emergent bilingual students / Joseph C. Rumenapp, P. Zitlali Morales -- 9. Employing the gradual release of responsibility framework to improve the literacy instruction of emergent bilingual students in the elementary grades / Georgia Earnest García, Christina Passos DeNicolo -- 10. Scaffolding development of self-regulated and strategic literacy skills in deaf or hard of hearing students: a review of the literature through the lens of the gradual release of responsibility model / Maryam Salehomoum -- 11. Literacy coaching for agentive and sustainable teacher reflection: joint action within a gradual release of responsibility as apprenticeship / Jennifer Sharples Reichenberg -- 12. "See, you can make connections with the things you learned before!" using the gradual release of responsibility to scaffold language and concept learning in science / H. Emily Hayden -- 13. Passing the pen - a gradual release model of the recursive writing process / Evan Ortlieb, Susan Schatz -- 14. Think aloud, think along, think alone: gradually releasing students to use comprehension strategies in elementary classrooms / Molly K. Ness -- 15. Sustaining culture, expanding literacies: culturally relevant literacy pedagogy and gradual release of responsibility / Jennifer D. Turner and Chrystine Mitchell -- 16. Epilogue: reflections on the gradual release of responsibility model: where we've been and where we're going / Janice A. Dole, Gerald G. Duffy, P. David Pearson.