Introduction: Guizot's question : universal civilization? -- Civilization, progress, and history : universals all? -- The ideal of civilization : its origins, meanings, and implications -- Civilization and the idea of progress -- The notion of universal civilization : one end for all? -- The art and science of empire -- The expansion of Europe and the classical standard of civilization -- The burden of civilization and the "art and science of colonization" -- New barbarism, old civilization, revived imperialism -- New barbarism and the test of modernity -- The "new realities" of imperialism -- Conclusion: The future of intercivilizational relations.