This book gathers extended versions of the best papers presented at the Global Joint Conference on Industrial Engineering and Its Application Areas (GJCIE), held in Vienna on July 20-21, 2017. They offer a snapshot of the current state of the art in three main related fields of research, namely industrial engineering, engineering and technology management, and healthcare systems engineering management. The book is intended to integrate theory and practice and to merge different perspectives, from the academic to the industrial and governmental one. .