Towards A Theory of Organisms and Evolving Automata -- Two Grand Challenges for EC -- Evolutionary Computation: Challenges and Duties -- Open Problems in the Spectral Analysis of Evolutionary Dynamics -- Solving Combinatorial Optimization Problems Via Reformulation and Adaptive Memory Metaheuristics -- Problems in Optimization -- EC Theory - "in Theory" -- Asymptotic Convergence of Scaled Genetic Algorithms to Global Optima -- The Challenge of Producing Human-Competitive Results by Means of Genetic and Evolutionary Computation -- Case Based Reasoning -- The Challenge of Complexity.