Epidemiology -- Overview -- Vulnerability to Alcoholism in Women -- Drinking and Problem Drinking in US Women -- Older Women and Alcohol -- Violent Victimization among Women with Alcohol Problems -- Women, Alcohol, and Driving -- Employed Women with Alcohol Problems Who Seek Help from Employee Assistance Programs -- Physiology -- Overview -- Gender Differences in Alcohol Metabolism -- Mental and Physical Health Consequences of Alcohol Use in Women -- Alcohol Effects on Hormone Levels in Normal Postmenopausal Women and in Postmenopausal Women with Alcohol-Induced Cirrhosis -- Gender Differences in Animal Studies -- Sex Distinctiveness in Effective Genotype -- Sex Differences in Ethanol-Related Behaviors in Genetically Defined Murine Stocks -- Sex Differences in Mesolimbic Dopamine Responses to Ethanol and Relationship to Ethanol Intake in Rats -- Anxiolytic Effects of Steroid Hormones during the Estrous Cycle -- Behavior and Treatment Issues -- Overview -- Women, Alcohol, and Sexuality -- Cognitive Psychosocial Performance and Recovery in Female Alcoholics -- The Emergence of Problem-Drinking Women as a Special Population in Need of Treatment -- Social and Cultural Issues -- Overview -- Race/Ethnicity and Other Sociocultural Influences on Alcoholism Treatment for Women -- Patterns of Alcohol Use among Ethnic Minority Adolescent Women -- Alcoholism in the Family -- Gender Differences for the Risk of Alcohol-Related Problems in Multiple National Contexts.